> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://trojancare.mintlify.site/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# What Is a Data Broker? Privacy Risks and How to Opt Out

> Data brokers collect and sell your personal information without your knowledge. Learn how data brokers work and how to remove your data from their sites.

Have you ever Googled your own name and found your home address, birthdate, phone number, and the names of your family members listed on a website you've never visited or signed up for? That's a data broker at work — and it happens to nearly everyone. These companies operate largely in the shadows, quietly building detailed profiles on hundreds of millions of people and selling that information to anyone willing to pay. Understanding how they work is the first step to taking your privacy back.

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## What Is a Data Broker?

A data broker is a company whose entire business model is built on collecting, aggregating, and selling personal information about private individuals. They gather data from dozens of sources, combine it into comprehensive profiles, and sell access to those profiles to advertisers, employers, insurers, law enforcement, and virtually any other organization — or individual — with a credit card.

The data they hold on you can include:

* Full name and known aliases
* Current and past home addresses
* Phone numbers and email addresses
* Date of birth
* Names of relatives and associates
* Estimated income and net worth
* Property ownership records
* Social media profiles and posts
* Browsing history and online behavior
* Purchase history and shopping preferences

You didn't consent to any of this. You were never asked. It happened automatically, across hundreds of separate data sources, assembled into a single profile that's available for purchase right now.

***

## How Do Data Brokers Get Your Information?

Data brokers are remarkably resourceful about sourcing information, pulling from both public and semi-private channels.

<Accordion title="Public Records">
  Voter registration rolls, property tax records, court records, marriage and divorce filings, business license applications, and bankruptcy filings are all public — and data brokers harvest them automatically and continuously.
</Accordion>

<Accordion title="Social Media">
  Even if your social profiles are set to public, data brokers scrape your posts, check-ins, listed employers, and relationship statuses. Information you post publicly is fair game.
</Accordion>

<Accordion title="Loyalty Programs and Retail Cards">
  Every swipe of your grocery store loyalty card, airline miles account, or retail rewards program is tracked and often sold. Loyalty programs are one of the most valuable data pipelines for brokers.
</Accordion>

<Accordion title="Mobile Apps">
  Many free apps — including games, weather apps, and flashlight apps — sell location data, usage patterns, and device identifiers to data brokers as part of their monetization strategy.
</Accordion>

<Accordion title="Online Purchases and Website Cookies">
  Every product you buy online, every website you visit, and every ad you click feeds data into broker pipelines through third-party trackers and cookie networks embedded across the web.
</Accordion>

***

## Why Should You Be Concerned?

The data broker industry isn't just an abstract privacy issue — it creates real, tangible harm for real people.

**Identity Theft Enablement**
Identity thieves don't need to hack a bank. They visit data broker sites, buy or scrape your profile, and use your personal details to open fraudulent credit accounts, file fake tax returns, or take over your existing accounts. Data brokers make their jobs significantly easier.

**Targeted Scams**
When a scammer knows your name, phone number, email address, and the names of your family members, they can craft personalized phishing messages that are far more convincing. "Hi David, this is a message about your mother Linda's Medicare account…" That level of personalization comes from data brokers.

**Invasive Advertising Without Consent**
Advertisers use your data broker profile to target you with ads based on your estimated income, health conditions, political beliefs, and purchasing habits — none of which you explicitly agreed to share.

**Robocallers and Spam**
Telemarketers and robocallers buy lists of phone numbers with demographic filters directly from data brokers. If you're receiving unwanted calls, there's a strong chance your number came from a broker database.

<Warning>
  Data broker profiles are also used in background check services that anyone can access — including people who may want to find your address for malicious purposes. Stalkers and harassers have used people-search sites to locate victims.
</Warning>

**The scale of the problem is staggering.** The average person's information appears on more than 30 data broker sites. Research suggests that 95% of people have personal data sold or shared without their explicit permission. And the industry generates an estimated \$250 billion annually — there are strong financial incentives to keep your data in circulation.

***

## How to Remove Your Information

You have the legal right to request removal of your data from many data broker sites — but exercising that right is far more complicated than it sounds.

**The Manual Approach (Free but Exhausting)**
Each data broker has its own opt-out process. Some require you to submit a form online. Others require you to email a request. A few require you to send a physical letter. Most will re-add your information within 2–4 months once it resurfaces in their source data — meaning you need to repeat the process indefinitely, across hundreds of brokers, forever.

**McAfee Personal Data Cleanup (Automated)**
McAfee Personal Data Cleanup scans 30+ of the most prominent data broker sites to find where your personal information appears, then automatically submits removal requests on your behalf. With McAfee+ Advanced Individual or McAfee+ Ultimate plans, the process runs continuously — monitoring for re-listing and submitting new removal requests whenever your data reappears.

<Info>
  McAfee Personal Data Cleanup is available as part of McAfee+ Advanced Individual ($89.99/yr) and McAfee+ Ultimate ($199.99/yr) plans, both offering unlimited device coverage alongside identity protection, VPN, and antivirus.
</Info>

***

You can't delete yourself from the internet entirely, but you can dramatically reduce your exposure — and make identity theft, targeted scams, and invasive advertising significantly harder to pull off. Activate McAfee at [mcafee.com/activate](https://www.mcafee.com/activate) to start using Personal Data Cleanup and take control of your personal information today.